Deprivation impahla kwaye ulawulo sebenzisa

Njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla, emva ascertaining ukuba sele kukho ukuba i-kokuphazamiseka nge ekunene ipropati, European Inkundla Yamalungelo Oluntu idla amise phantsi apho umthetho ka-inqaku omnye Umthetho omnye kwi-ECHR i-kokuphazamiseka ziphantsi kufuneka examinedOko assesses nokuba izixa-mali kwi-deprivation impahla okanye kufuneka uqwalaselwe a ulawulo sebenzisa (okanye laququmbela njalo ukuba kunjalo inika kuvuka ukuba zininzi kakhulu complex imiba kuba categorized kwaye examines kuyo ukukhanya kuqala isivakalisi ka-inqaku omnye Umthetho omnye i-ECHR). Kungesiso notion 'deprivation impahla' okanye 'ulawulo sebenzisa' zibonwa ngokucacileyo ochaziweyo. Deprivation kuthethwa ngokubanzi ukuba umntu usesinye stripped ngaphandle yakhe isihloko a ipropati. Kwesinye isandla, hayi wonke komlinganiselo ezikhokelela umnini ke yokulahla yakhe ipropati amalungelo imele a deprivation impahla (umzekelo, confiscations ka-yexabiso ikholisa mbasa njengoko 'ulawulo sebenzisa'). Zimbini iifomu ka-deprivation ye ipropati: kulandelwe deprivation impahla kunye de facto deprivation impahla. Kulandelwe deprivation kuthetha ukuba umnini ngu-ngu-inkqubo esemthethweni umthetho okanye komlinganiselo stripped yakhe ipropati amalungelo. De facto deprivation impahla kuthetha ukuba umnini ayikho formally expropriated, kodwa ukuba bakhe nako ukusebenzisa ipropati amalungelo ngu limited kwi-enjalo ingcwaba indlela ukuze abe factually akanalo ubunini simemo kwakhona. Ingcamango waphuhliswa yi-European Inkundla Yamalungelo Oluntu kwimeko Spurring Konrath v Sweden. Kunjalo abachaphazelekayo a imvume expropriate ezithile plots umhlaba kwaye ban kwi ukwakhiwa kwezi plots. Isiswedish umthetho njengokuba kubhaliwe wema ngexesha elifanelekileyo ixesha stipulated ukuba Ukumkani ayikwazi mba authorizations kuba expropriation ukuba uzibeke waba situated kwi-i ariya apho waba instrumental ukuba izicwangciso kuba engaselunxwemeni uphuhliso. Wobulali abasemagunyeni zanikwa i-deadline ngaphakathi ababenako ukusungula expropriation nemigaqo-nkqubo ukuba babe ayikwazi ukwenza njalo, ugunyaziso lixesha. Ukongeza koko, ukwakhiwa bans basenokuba imposed malunga afanelekileyo plots ukuphepha zabo ekubeni altered kwi-indlela awathi wayenza ke unsuitable kuba uphuhliso. Ugunyaziso ii-odolo baba ekhutshwe malunga-zicelo' plots, kodwa akukho expropriation umgaqo-nkqubo yaba initiated. Endaweni yoko, wobulali abasemagunyeni eceliweyo i-extension ngexesha umgca, esibizwa wanika Oku kwaba iphindwe amaxesha amaninzi kwaye plots baba phantsi i-yogunyaziso ukuba expropriate kuba ngaphezu amabini eminyaka. Ukongeza, i-ban kwi ukwakhiwa waba imposed kwaye ngomhla esinye isiganeko a building mvume eceliweyo yi-zicelo irhoxisiwe ngenxa yale ban. European Inkundla Yamalungelo Oluntu kuchazwe ukuba abafaki-zicelo engafikanga formally sele deprived yabo nempahla. Kanti ke pointed phandle ukuba kwaba yimfuneko ukuba akhangele ngasemva appearances nokumisela nokuba amanyathelo kokuba de facto deprived yabo nempahla. Xa Inkundla ndagqiba ukuba oku kokuba hayi ukuba kunjalo, kuya lusekiwe jurisprudence ukuba luhlole nokuba ngaba komlinganiselo de facto deprives-sicelo yakhe ipropati.